The blended Portland cement, CEM II, is obtained by replacing a part of clinker by an
addition, as described in the EN 197-1 standard. Among the materials cited in this standard …

To simultaneously address the environmental issues induced by construction and
demolition waste (CDW) and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA), this …

This paper presents the microstructural development and hardening rate of fly ash-slag
geopolymers. The solid precursors are treated with a potassium hydroxide-silicate activator …

Hwangtoh clay is a type of kaolin clay, which is used as an environment-friendly material in
constructions. This study presents multiple experimental studies on the hydration, strength …

Biochar and red clay were used to develop eco-friendly building materials with improved
thermal and mechanical performance. Rice husk, coconut shell, and bamboo were prepared …

In this study, limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) was used to prepare ultra-high-
performance concrete (UHPC), and the effects of different cement types (ordinary Portland …

Calcined Hwangtoh (HT) clay is a very promising supplementary cementitious material
(SCM). In this work, the development of the mechanical properties and microstructures of HT …

Due to some physical or chemical incompatibility issues between supplementary
cementitious materials (SCMs) and cement, it is necessary to investigate the microscopic …

Limestone-calcined clay-cement (LC 3) is a novel ternary cementitious material.
Cenospheres (CS) are a type of fly ash with a smooth surface and hollow center. The …

Applying phase change materials (PCMs) to the building envelope is an effective way of
improving indoor thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption. The two main …