Animals evolved in complex environments, producing a wide range of behaviors, including
navigation, foraging, prey capture, and conspecific interactions, which vary over timescales …

In the hippocampus, spatial maps are formed by place cells while contextual memories are
thought to be encoded as engrams,,,,–. Engrams are typically identified by expression of the …

Finding sensory stimuli that drive neurons optimally is central to understanding information
processing in the brain. However, optimizing sensory input is difficult due to the …

Progress in science requires standardized assays whose results can be readily shared,
compared, and reproduced across laboratories. Reproducibility, however, has been a …

Divisive normalization (DN) is a prominent computational building block in the brain that has
been proposed as a canonical cortical operation. Numerous experimental studies have …

Spectral information is commonly processed in the brain through generation of antagonistic
responses to different wavelengths. In many species, these color opponent signals arise as …

Progress in science requires standardized assays whose results can be readily shared,
compared, and reproduced across laboratories. Reproducibility, however, has been a …

En route from the retina to the cortex, visual information passes through the dorsolateral
geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, where extensive corticothalamic (CT) feedback …

Vision is fundamentally context-dependent, with neuronal responses influenced not just by
local features but also by surrounding contextual information. In the visual cortex, studies …

Powerful neural measurement and perturbation tools have positioned mice as an ideal
species for probing the neural circuit mechanisms of cognition. Crucial to this success is the …