Considerable progress has been made in recent years in the structural and molecular
biology of type IV secretion systems in Gram-negative bacteria. The latest advances have …

Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) are a functionally diverse translocation
superfamily. They consist mainly of two large subfamilies:(i) conjugation systems that …

Helicobacter pylori causes persistent infection in the gastric epithelium of more than half of
the world's population, leading to the development of severe complications such as peptic …

Colonization of the human stomach with Helicobacter pylori strains containing the cag
pathogenicity island is a risk factor for development of gastric cancer. The cag pathogenicity …

Many Gram-negative pathogens harbor type IV secretion systems (T4SS) that translocate
bacterial virulence factors into host cells to hijack cellular processes. The pathology of the …

Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative and-positive bacteria employ type IV secretion
systems (T4SSs) to translocate DNA and protein substrates, generally by contact-dependent …

Three decades have passed since Warren and Marshall described the successful isolation
and culture of Helicobacter pylori, the Gram‐negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest identified risk factor for gastric cancer, the third
most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. An H. pylori constituent that …

Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) can function to export or import DNA, and can
deliver effector proteins into a wide range of target cells. Relatively little is known about the …

The type IV secretion system (T4SS) is a versatile nanomachine that translocates diverse
effector molecules between microbes and into eukaryotic cells. Here, using electron …