As early as the 19th century, OIH was observed in patients receiving morphine for pain. It
was recognized that a potent analgesic such as morphine could actually result in an …

Opioids are the cornerstone therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Although
common concerns regarding the use of opioids include the potential for detrimental side …

Sleep abnormalities are associated with acute and chronic use of addictive substances.
Although sleep complaints associated with use and abstinence from addictive substances …

Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is most broadly defined as a state of nociceptive
sensitization caused by exposure to opioids. The state is characterized by a paradoxical …

More patients with opioid addiction are receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT) with
methadone and buprenorphine. As a result, physicians will more frequently encounter …

The experience of pain in cancer is widely accepted as a major threat to quality of life, and
the relief of pain has emerged as a priority in oncology care. Pain is associated with both the …

There is accumulating evidence that opioid therapy might not only be associated with the
development of tolerance but also with an increased sensitivity to pain, a condition referred …

Objective To discuss the phenomenon of opioid induced hyperalgesia (OIH) and investigate
the data and clinical recommendations available on this topic. Design A literature search on …

Opioid action was thought to exert reinforcing effects solely via the initial agonism of opioid
receptors. Here, we present evidence for an additional novel contributor to opioid reward …

Several neuropsychological hypotheses have been formulated to explain the transition to
addiction, including hedonic allostasis, incentive salience, and the development of habits. A …