Rocky planets are common around other stars, but their atmospheric properties remain
largely unconstrained. Thanks to a wealth of recent planet discoveries and upcoming …

The search for life on exoplanets is motivated by the universal ways in which life could
modify its planetary environment. Atmospheric gases such as oxygen and methane are …

Abstract The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will offer the first opportunity to
characterize terrestrial exoplanets with sufficient precision to identify high mean molecular …

In the conventional habitable zone (HZ) concept, a CO2-H2O greenhouse maintains surface
liquid water. Through the water-mediated carbonate-silicate weathering cycle, atmospheric …

In the last three decades, knowledge of planetary systems other than our own has increased
rapidly with the discovery of over 5,000 exoplanets (Christiansen 2022). These worlds vary …

Abstract The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will enable the search for and
characterization of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres in the habitable zone via transmission …

Chemical disequilibrium quantified using the available free energy has previously been
proposed as a potential biosignature. However, researchers remotely sensing exoplanet …

Exoplanet science is one of the most thriving fields of modern astrophysics. A major goal is
the atmospheric characterization of dozens of small, terrestrial exoplanets in order to search …

Oxygen is a promising exoplanet biosignature due to the evolutionary advantage conferred
by harnessing starlight for photosynthesis, and the apparent low likelihood of maintaining …

Liquid water oceans are at the center of our search for life on exoplanets because water is a
strict requirement for life as we know it. However, oceans are dynamic habitats—and some …