Land surface models (LSMs) are a vital tool for understanding, projecting, and predicting the
dynamics of the land surface and its role within the Earth system, under global change …

This review surveys the basic theories, observational methods, satellite algorithms, and land
surface models for terrestrial evapotranspiration, E (or λE, ie, latent heat flux), including a …

Abstract This Manual of Practice (MOP) is a comprehensive reference to estimating the
water quantities needed for irrigation of crops based upon the physics of evaporation and …

A distributed hydrology‐vegetation model is described that includes canopy interception,
evaporation, transpiration, and snow accumulation and melt, as well as runoff generation via …

Atmospheric general circulation models used for climate simulation and weather forecasting
require the fluxes of radiation, heat, water vapor, and momentum across the land …

This paper overviews the short‐term (biophysical) and long‐term (out to around 100 year
timescales; biogeochemical and biogeographical) influences of the land surface on weather …

PnET is a simple, lumped-parameter, monthlytime-step model of carbon and water balances
of forests built on two principal relationships: 1) maximum photosynthetic rate is a function of …

Comparative measurements of radiation flux components and turbulent fluxes of energy and
CO 2 are made at two sites in South West Amazonia: one in a tropical forest reserve and one …

A Mapped Atmosphere‐Plant‐Soil System (MAPSS) has been constructed for simulating the
potential biosphere impacts and biosphere‐atmosphere feedbacks from climatic change …

A numerical process-based model of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics is described and
tested. The model, Hybrid v3. 0, treats the daily cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and water within …