The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has demonstrated several crucial properties for
the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we reviewed the main HCQ …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the
production of abnormal autoantibodies and immune complexes that can affect the organ and …

Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Accelerated atherosclerosis is related to traditional …

Objective. To assess whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) prevents early damage in patients
with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. We updated an existing systematic …

Objective Among traditional atherosclerotic risk factors, dyslipidemia is believed to
decisively affect the long-term prognosis of lupus patients, not only with regard to …

Management of patient with Lupus Nephritis (LN) continues to remain a challenge for the
treating physicians because of considerable morbidity and even mortality. The search of …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the autoimmune diseases characterized by
the lack of self-tolerance and the formation of immune complexes and nuclear autoantigens …

Objective: Studies have shown that metabolic abnormalities influence the immune system.
Because the prevalence of metabolic and autoimmune thyroid diseases has increased …

Aims Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has shown to have significant immunomodulatory effects in
the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Current studies show favorable effects …

Hydroxychloroquine is one of the oldest disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in clinical
use. The drug interferes with lysosomal activity and antigen presentation, inhibits autophagy …