Urban environments lie at the confluence of social, cultural, and economic activities and
have unique biophysical characteristics due to continued infrastructure development that …

Abstract Urban Heat Island (UHI) research has acquired popularity in recent decades
because of increasing recognition of heat stress impacts on human health, environments …

Urban heat stress poses a major risk to public health. Case studies of individual cities
suggest that heat exposure, like other environmental stressors, may be unequally distributed …

Increased exposure to extreme heat from both climate change and the urban heat island
effect—total urban warming—threatens the sustainability of rapidly growing urban …

Climate warming disproportionately impacts countries in the Global South by increasing
extreme heat exposure. However, geographic disparities in adaptation capacity are unclear …

Surface temperature is often used to examine heat exposure in multi‐city studies and for
informing urban heat mitigation efforts due to scarcity of urban air temperature …

Poorer citizens are often more exposed to environmental hazards due to spatial inequalities
in the distribution of urban blue-green space. Few cities have managed to prevent spatial …

The urban heat island (UHI) effect is strongly modulated by urban-scale changes to the
aerodynamic, thermal, and radiative properties of the Earth's land surfaces. Interest in this …

Cities are uniquely complex systems regulated by interactions and feedbacks between
nature and human society. Characteristics of human society—including culture, economics …

Urban parks can cool the urban environment and mitigate the urban heat island effect.
Quantifying the park cooling effect and its relationships with park characteristics is important …