Evolutionary theory postulates that altruistic behavior evolved for the return-benefits it bears
the performer. For return-benefits to play a motivational role, however, they need to be …

The scientific study of animal affect (emotion) is an area of growing interest. Whilst research
on mechanism and causation has predominated, the study of function is less advanced. This …

Winner of the 2022 Eric Zencey Prize in Ecological Economics Capitalism is broken. The
relentless pursuit of more has delivered climate catastrophe, social inequality and financial …

In this thought-provoking book, the acclaimed author of Our Inner Ape examines how
empathy comes naturally to a great variety of animals, including humans. Are we our …

“A compelling case” that humans are not the only species with moral intelligence, based on
years of research into animal behavior (Discover). Scientists have long counseled against …

Considered an indicator of self-awareness, mirror self-recognition (MSR) has long seemed
limited to humans and apes. In both phylogeny and human ontogeny, MSR is thought to …

Humans are unique in their sophisticated culture and societal structures, their complex
languages, and their extensive tool use. According to the human self-domestication …

From eye-witness accounts of elephants apparently mourning the death of family members
to an experiment that showed that hungry rhesus monkeys would not take food if doing so …

Few areas have witnessed the type of growth we have seen in the affective sciences in the
past decades. Across psychology, philosophy, economics, and neuroscience, there has …

Elephants are widely assumed to be among the most cognitively advanced animals, even
though systematic evidence is lacking. This void in knowledge is mainly due to the danger …