Granulated materials, like sand and sugar and salt, are composed of many pieces that can
move independently. The study of collisions and flow in these materials requires new …

Granular materials, like sand, powder or grains present intriguing phenomena. Vibration and
shearing can lead to convective motion and segregation. A variation of stress may cause …

This introductory text develops the fundamental physics of the behavior of granular
materials. It covers the basic properties of flow, friction, and fluidization of uniform granular …

Steady state dynamics of clustering, long-range order, and inelastic collapse are
experimentally observed in vertically shaken granular monolayers. At large vibration …

We present molecular dynamics simulations of granular material submitted to vibrations in a
two-dimensional system. We find various types of convection cells, due either to the …

We have measured the spectrum of velocity fluctuations in a granular system confined to a
vertical plane and driven into a homogeneous, steady state by strong vertical vibration. The …

We present an experimental study of velocity statistics for a partial layer of inelastic colliding
beads driven by a vertically oscillating boundary. Over a wide range of parameters …

Granular materials are an integral part of our everyday life. They are also the base material
for most industrial processing techniques. The highly dissipative nature of the particle …

A shallow, vertically shaken granular bed in a quasi-two-dimensional container is explored
experimentally yielding a wider variety of phenomena than in any previous study:(1) …

Convection and fluidization in a vibrated bed of powder are reproduced in a numerical
simulation. In the simulation, each particle of the powder, during a collision, has a …