Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative approach that is proposed for
develo** e‐libraries with metadata to meet the need of training observation and …

Parallel test assembly has long been an important yet challenging topic in educational
assessment. Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are a new class of assessment models …

The national certification tests and entrance examinations are the most important tests for
proving the ability or knowledge level of a person. To accurately evaluate the professional …

The rapid development of computer and network technologies has attracted researchers to
investigate strategies for and the effects of applying information technologies in learning …

A computer skill certification test is one of the most important methods for evaluation of a
student's computer ability. Since the tests are held frequently, one must efficiently and …

With the continuing growth of multi-media learning resources, it is important to offer methods
hel** learners to explore and acquire relevant learning information effectively. As services …

Web-based testing has become a ubiquitous self-assessment method for online learning.
One useful feature that is missing from today's web-based testing systems is the reliable …

The simultaneously construct IRT-based (Item Response Theory) parallel tests problem
requires large numbers of variables and constraints, which leads to high computational …

Computer-assisted testing systems are promising in generating tests efficiently and
effectively for evaluating a person's skill. This paper develops a novel intelligent testing …

The grou** problem is critical in collaborative learning (CL) because of the complexity and
difficulty in adequate grou**, based on various grou** criteria and numerous learners …