Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …

Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system have been described
mostly in the context of diseases. More recent studies have begun to reveal how certain …

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) renaissance was
catalysed by the discovery that RNA-guided prokaryotic CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins …

Danger signals are a hallmark of many common inflammatory diseases, and these stimuli
can function to activate the cytosolic innate immune signalling receptor NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR …

The mammalian CNS is an intricate and fragile structure, which on one hand is open to
change in order to store information, but on the other hand is vulnerable to damage from …

Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

Immunological memory is an important evolutionary trait that improves host survival upon
reinfection. Memory is a characteristic recognized within both the innate and adaptive arms …

Macrophages are distributed in tissues throughout the body and contribute to both
homeostasis and disease. Recently, it has become evident that most adult tissue …

Despite the advances that have been made in develo** new therapeutics, cardiovascular
disease remains the leading cause of worldwide mortality. Therefore, understanding the …

Teleost fish possess an adaptive immune system associated with each of their mucosal
body surfaces. Evidence obtained from mucosal vaccination and mucosal infection studies …