Microscale machines are able to perform a number of tasks like micromanipulation, drug‐
delivery, and noninvasive surgery. In particular, microscale polymer machines that can …

In nature, plants and animals undergo remodeling to adapt to changes in their surroundings.
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels, with their abundant water content and inherent …

Systems with programmable and complex shape morphing are highly desired in many fields
wherein sensing, actuation, and manipulation must be performed. Living organisms use …

Hydrogels combined with complex 3D shapes and robust mechanical properties are
extremely desired soft platforms in the fields of biomaterials, recently, 4D printing has been …

Cyclic actuation is critical for driving motion and transport in living systems, ranging from
oscillatory motion of bacterial flagella to the rhythmic gait of terrestrial animals. These …

Patterning of nanoparticles (NPs) via photochemical reduction within thermally responsive
hydrogel films is demonstrated as a versatile platform for programming light‐driven shape …

Anisotropic particles pinned at fluid interfaces tend toward disordered multiparticle
configurations due to large, orientationally dependent, capillary forces, which is a significant …

Realizing programmable assembly and reconfiguration of small objects holds promise for
technologically-significant applications in such fields as micromechanical systems …

Demands for next‐generation soft and responsive materials have sparked recent interest in
the development of shape‐changing particles and particle assemblies. Over the last two …

Research in the 1980s demonstrated the formation of monolayers of particles achieved by
interfacial particle trap** as a model system for investigating colloids in two dimensions …