Glia are essential for brain functioning during development and in the adult brain. Here, we
discuss the various roles of both microglia and astrocytes, and their interactions during brain …

Monocytes and macrophages have crucial and distinct roles in tissue homeostasis and
immunity, but they also contribute to a broad spectrum of pathologies and are thus attractive …

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), which sit in
close proximity to neural structures and are intimately involved in brain homeostasis. The …

Microglia are the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system (CNS).
Adequate microglial function is crucial for a healthy CNS. Microglia are not only the first …

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and are associated
with the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative and brain inflammatory diseases; …

Langerhans cells (LCs) are the dendritic cells (DCs) of the epidermis, forming one of the first
hematopoietic lines of defense against skin pathogens. In contrast to other DCs, LCs arise …

The vitamin D endocrine system is essential for calcium and bone homeostasis. The precise
mode of action and the full spectrum of activities of the vitamin D hormone, 1, 25 …

Ion channels on the surface membrane of sinoatrial nodal pacemaker cells (SANCs) are the
proximal cause of an action potential. Each individual channel type has been thoroughly …

Ca2+ is an essential ion in all organisms, where it plays a crucial role in processes ranging
from the formation and maintenance of the skeleton to the temporal and spatial regulation of …

Biomechanical forces are emerging as critical regulators of embryogenesis, particularly in
the develo** cardiovascular system,. After initiation of the heartbeat in vertebrates, cells …