Aims Eurasian forest‐steppes are among the most complex non‐tropical terrestrial
ecosystems. Despite their considerable scientific, ecological and economic importance …

Recent advances in ecology and biogeography demonstrate the importance of fire and large
herbivores–and challenge the primacy of climate–to our understanding of the distribution …

ABSTRACT Quaternary (last 2.6 million years) botany involves studying plant megafossils
(eg tree stumps), macrofossils (eg seeds, leaves), and microfossils (eg pollen, spores) …

Worldwide reforestation has been recommended as a landscape restoration strategy to
mitigate climate change in areas where the climate can sustain forest. This approach may …

Chernozems are among the most fertile agricultural soils on Earth and are important
terrestrial carbon reservoirs. Since the Miocene-advent of grassland-ecosystems, they …

Palaearctic steppes are primary grasslands dominating the landscape of the Eurasian
Grassland Belt from Central and Eastern Europe to Northern China across the temperate …

Forest steppes are dynamic ecosystems, highly susceptible to changes in climate,
disturbances and land use. Here we examine the Holocene history of the European forest …

Abstract The East-European forest-steppe extends from the Carpathian to the Ural
Mountains, representing a mosaic of broadleaf deciduous forest patches and meadow …

Sedimentary charcoal records are widely used to reconstruct regional changes in fire
regimes through time in the geological past. Existing global compilations are not …

Abstract Question The European forest‐steppe ecotone extends over 6,000 km from the
Carpathian to the Ural Mountains. It is extensively used for agriculture with very few patches …