Reproduction and fertility are regulated via hormones of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal
(HPG) axis. Control of this reproductive axis occurs at all levels, including the brain and …

Virtually every eukaryotic cell has an endogenous circadian clock and a biological sex.
These cell-based clocks have been conceptualized as oscillators whose phase can be reset …

Simple Summary In mammals, circadian rhythms in nearly all behaviors and physiological
processes are controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, a collection of neurons in the …

Ovarian steroids normally exert homeostatic negative feedback on GnRH release. During
sustained exposure to elevated estradiol in the late follicular phase of the reproductive cycle …

Rhythmic events in the female reproductive system depend on the coordinated and
synchronized activity of multiple neuroendocrine and endocrine tissues. This coordination is …

The circadian system regulates behavior and physiology in many ways important for health.
Circadian rhythms are expressed by nearly every cell in the body, and this large system is …

In rodents, a circadian signal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is essential for the pro‐
oestrous surge of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), which, in turn, induces …

Circadian rhythms are physiological and behavioral processes that exhibit a 24‐hr cycle.
These daily rhythms are essential for living organisms to align their behavior and physiology …

As the population of older adults grows, so will the prevalence of aging-related conditions,
including memory impairments and sleep disturbances, both of which are more common …

Estrogen receptors regulate multiple brain functions, including stress, sexual, and memory‐
associated behaviors as well as controlling neuroendocrine and autonomic function. During …