The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as a quality-control organelle for protein
homeostasis, or “proteostasis”. The protein quality control systems involve ER-associated …

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative disease that is the
leading cause of vision loss in the elderly population. Degeneration/dysregulation of the …

Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that promotes the degradation and recycling of cellular
components. Proteins, lipids, and even whole organelles are engulfed in autophagosomes …

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of severe visual loss and
irreversible blindness in the elderly population worldwide. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) …

The human eye, the highly specialized organ of vision, is greatly influenced by oxidants of
endogenous and exogenous origin. Oxidative stress affects all structures of the human eye …

Retinal drusen formation is not only a clinical hallmark for the development of age-related
macular degeneration (AMD) but also for other disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and …

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), situated upon Bruch's membrane, plays multiple roles
in the ocular system by interacting with photoreceptors and. Therefore, dysfunction of the …

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. Vision loss is
caused by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors atrophy and/or retinal …

Mesenchymal Stem Cells are potent therapeutic candidates in the field of regenerative
medicine, owing to their immunomodulatory and differentiation potential. However, several …

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles which accommodate a cargo of bioactive
biomolecules that generally includes proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, sugars, and related …