Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration that
results in visual field loss and irreversible blindness. A crucial element in the …

Retinal ischemia is a common cause of visual impairment and blindness. At the cellular
level, ischemic retinal injury consists of a self-reinforcing destructive cascade involving …

Type I programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis is critical for cellular self-destruction for a
variety of processes such as development or the prevention of oncogenic transformation …

Ischemia—Reperfusion injury of the intestine is a significant problem in abdominal aortic
aneurysm surgery, small bowel transplantation, cardiopulmonary bypass, strangulated …

Purpose. To investigate the retinal survival time following central retinal artery occlusion
(CRAO). Methods. In 38 elderly, atherosclerotic and hypertensive rhesus monkeys, transient …

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved and under physiological conditions act as
molecular chaperones and/or have anti-apoptotic activities. Expression in the brain of two …

Purpose: Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured under
hypoxic conditions contain proteins and growth factors that promote angiogenesis. This …

Retinal degenerations are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders
characterised by progressive loss of vision due to neurodegeneration. The retina is a highly …

Photoreceptors and other cells of the retina consume large quantities of energy to efficiently
convert light information into a neuronal signal understandable by the brain. The necessary …

Purpose: To review treatments under development for age-related macular degeneration
(AMD) in the context of current knowledge of AMD pathogenesis. Methods: Review of the …