Precision medicine seeks to maximize the quality of health care by individualizing the health-
care process to the uniquely evolving health status of each patient. This endeavor spans a …

A dynamic treatment regime consists of a sequence of decision rules, one per stage of
intervention, that dictate how to individualize treatments to patients, based on evolving …

This book was written to summarize and describe the state of the art of statistical methods
developed to address questions of estimation and inference for dynamic treatment regimes …

The study of new medical treatments, and sequences of treatments, is inextricably linked
with statistics. Without statistical estimation and inference, we are left with case studies and …

Abstract Machine learning's (ML's) unique power to approximate functions and identify non‐
obvious regularities in data have attracted considerable attention from researchers in natural …

We consider the estimation of an optimal dynamic two time-point treatment rule defined as
the rule that maximizes the mean outcome under the dynamic treatment, where the …

A treatment regime formalizes personalized medicine as a function from individual patient
characteristics to a recommended treatment. A high‐quality treatment regime can improve …

Decision makers, such as doctors and judges, make crucial decisions such as
recommending treatments to patients, and granting bails to defendants on a daily basis …

In dose-finding clinical trials, it is becoming increasingly important to account for individual-
level heterogeneity while searching for optimal doses to ensure an optimal individualized …

Along with surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy is an effective way to treat cancer. Many
cancer patients take delivery of radiation. The goal of radiotherapy is to destroy the tumor …