Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases
through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with …

Recent breakthroughs in human stem cell technologies have enabled the generation of 3D
brain organoid platforms for modeling human neurodevelopment and disease. Here, we …

The vast majority of Parkinson's disease cases are idiopathic. Unclear etiology and
multifactorial nature complicate the comprehension of disease pathogenesis. Identification …

Engineered three-dimensional (3D) in vitro and ex vivo neural tissues, also known as “mini
brains and spinal cords in a dish,” can be derived from different types of human stem cells …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease
characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta in …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder, characterized by the
progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons from the nigrostriatal system. Currently, there is …

The cerebral cortex forms early in development according to a series of heritable
neurodevelopmental instructions. Despite deep evolutionary conservation of the cerebral …

To highlight the particular needs with respect to modeling the unique and complex
organization of the human brain structure, we reviewed the state-of-the-art in devising brain …

Brain organoids are produced by the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells under three-
dimensional culture conditions by adding neurodevelopment-related regulatory signals …

The hijacking of early developmental programs is a canonical feature of gliomas where
neoplastic cells resemble neurodevelopmental lineages and possess mechanisms of stem …