Antiretroviral therapy can effectively block HIV-1 replication and prevent or reverse
immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected individuals. However, viral replication resumes within …

A multitude of new agents for the treatment of hematologic malignancies has been
introduced over the past decade. Hematologists, infectious disease specialists, stem cell …

Fibrosis usually results from dysregulated wound repair and is characterized by excessive
scar tissue. It is a complex process with unclear mechanisms. Accumulating evidence …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in orchestrating host immunity against invading
pathogens, representing one of the first responders to infection by mucosal invaders. From …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces immunological dysfunction, which
limits the elimination of HIV-infected cells during treated infection. Identifying and targeting …

Current antiretroviral therapy does not eliminate the integrated and transcriptionally silent
HIV-1 provirus in latently infected cells. Recently, a “shock and kill” strategy has been …

Thirty-five years after the identification of HIV-1 as the causative agent of AIDS, we are still in
search of vaccines and treatments to eradicate this devastating infectious disease. Progress …

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) 20 years ago has dramatically reduced
morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1. Initially there was hope that ART would be …

CD161 is a C-type lectin-like receptor expressed on the majority of natural killer (NK) cells;
however, the significance of CD161 expression on NK cells has not been comprehensively …

Current efforts toward human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) eradication include approaches
to augment immune recognition and elimination of persistently infected cells following …