Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for all life on Earth and it acts as a major control on
biological productivity in the modern ocean. Accurate reconstructions of the evolution of life …

Fixed nitrogen limits primary productivity in many parts of the global ocean, and it
consequently plays a role in controlling the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere. The …

The main environmental factors driving spatial patterns, variability and change in primary
production (PP) in the Arctic Ocean are reviewed. While instantaneous PP rates are …

Nitrogen isotope compositions in sedimentary rocks (d 15 N sed) are routinely used for
reconstructing Cenozoic N-biogeochemical cycling and are also being increasingly applied …

Biological nitrogen fixation constitutes the main input of fixed nitrogen to Earth's ecosystems,
and its isotope effect is a key parameter in isotope-based interpretations of the N cycle. The …

The cyclic growth and decay of continental ice sheets can be reconstructed from the history
of global sea level. Sea level is relatively well constrained for the Last Glacial Maximum …

Salinity-driven density stratification of the upper Arctic Ocean isolates sea-ice cover and
cold, nutrient-poor surface waters from underlying warmer, nutrient-rich waters. Recently …

The marine nitrogen cycle is a complex web of microbially mediated reactions that control
the inventory, distribution, and speciation of nitrogen in the marine environment. Because …

Nitrogen limitation caused by trace metal scarcity under euxinic ocean conditions has been
proposed as an explanation for the delayed radiation of eukaryotes until at least the late …

The timing and magnitude of phytoplankton blooms in subarctic ecosystems often strongly
influence the amount of energy that is transferred through subsequent trophic pathways. In …