Arctic amplification, the observation that surface air temperature changes in the Arctic
exceed those of the Northern Hemisphere as a whole, is a pervasive feature of climate …

The sediments of Lago Grande di Monticchio, southern Italy, extend continuously from the
present back to the penultimate glacial stage and have an independent lamination-based …

Recent reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperatures and climate forcing over the
past 1000 years allow the warming of the 20th century to be placed within a historical …

This article highlights how the loose definition of the term 'refugia'has led to discrepancies in
methods used to assess the vulnerability of species to the current trend of rising global …

In the future, Arctic warming and the melting of polar glaciers will be considerable, but the
magnitude of both is uncertain. We used a global climate model, a dynamic ice sheet model …

Evidence of the effect of external influences on the climate system has continued to
accumulate since the Third Assessment Report (TAR). The evidence now available is …

• The sustained rate of increase over the past century in the combined radiative forcing from
the three well-mixed greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous …

A number of recent reports have interpreted paleoproxy data to describe the state of the
tropical Pacific, especially changes in the behavior of the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation …

We describe the evolutionary response of northern and southern hemisphere summer
monsoons to orbital forcing over the past 280,000 years using a fully coupled general …

A Community Climate System Model, Version 3 (CCSM3) simulation for 125 ka during the
Last Interglacial (LIG) is compared to two recent proxy reconstructions to evaluate surface …