The past two decades have seen a major expansion in the availability, size, and precision of
time-domain data sets in astronomy. Owing to their unique combination of flexibility …

The rotation of a star and the revolutions of its planets are not necessarily aligned. This
article reviews the measurement techniques, key findings, and theoretical interpretations …

We update the capabilities of the open-knowledge software instrument Modules for
Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA). The new auto _ diff module implements …

Context. We present the early installment of the third Gaia data release, Gaia EDR3,
consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8 billion sources brighter than magnitude 21 …

The radius valley (or gap) in the observed distribution of exoplanet radii, which separates
smaller super-Earths from larger sub-Neptunes, is a key feature that theoretical models must …

Abstract The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) was selected on October 19,
2012, as the first small mission (S-mission) in the ESA Science Programme and successfully …

The growing field of large-scale time domain astronomy requires methods for probabilistic
data analysis that are computationally tractable, even with large data sets. Gaussian …

Hot Jupiters were the first exoplanets to be discovered around main sequence stars and
astonished us with their close-in orbits. They are a prime example of how exoplanets have …

Yearslong time series of high-precision brightness measurements have been assembled for
thousands of stars with telescopes operating in space. Such data have allowed astronomers …

Context. Gaia has been in operations since 2014, and two full data releases (DR) have been
delivered so far: DR1 in 2016 and DR2 in 2018. The third Gaia data release expands from …