Plants cannot move, so they must endure abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and
extreme temperatures. These stressors greatly limit the distribution of plants, alter their …

Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic
organisms. Carotenoids are essential for plants with diverse functions in photosynthesis …

Plant beneficial microorganisms improve the health and growth of the associated plants.
Application of beneficial microbes triggers an enhanced resistance state, also termed as …

Defense against stress and active suppression of growth are two complementary strategies
by which plants respond to adverse environments. Although beneficial for plant survival …

Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding
the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has …

Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops.
Understanding the physiological, metabolic, and biochemical responses of plants to salt …

Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce
plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these …

The root: shoot ratio has long been known to be enhanced in plants under drought stress.
Here we discovered that osmotic stress enhances long-distance sucrose transport to …

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development,
and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants …

Climate change has exacerbated the effects of abiotic stresses on plant growth and
productivity. Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that interfere with …