The present interglacial, the Holocene, spans the period of the last 11,700 years. It has
sustained the growth and development of modern society. The millennial-scale decreasing …

A global overview of glacier advances and retreats (grouped by regions and by millennia)
for the Holocene is compiled from previous studies. The reconstructions of glacier …

We present a new time‐slice reconstruction of the Eurasian ice sheets (British–Irish,
Svalbard–Barents–Kara Seas and Scandinavian) documenting the spatial evolution of these …

This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide
basic information for use in climate change adaptation in Svalbard. It includes descriptions …

The last 6000years are of particular interest to the understanding of the Earth System
because the boundary conditions of the climate system did not change dramatically (in …

The maximum limits of the Eurasian ice sheets during four glaciations have been
reconstructed:(1) the Late Saalian (> 140ka),(2) the Early Weichselian (100–80ka),(3) the …

Paraglacial geomorphology is the study of earth-surface processes, sediments, landforms,
landsystems and landscapes that are directly conditioned by former glaciation and …

The evidence for the Little Ice Age, the most important fluctuation in global climate in
historical times, is most dramatically represented by the advance of mountain glaciers in the …

A global compilation of glacier advances and retreats for the past two millennia grouped by
17 regions (excluding Antarctica) highlights the nature of glacier fluctuations during the late …

We present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that
includes the continuous high latitude arctic permafrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous …