Abstract The Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …

The Pliocene climate is globally warm and characterised by high atmospheric carbon
dioxide concentrations, yet the terrestrial and marine scientific communities have gathered …

Cenozoic temperature, sea level and CO2 covariations provide insights into climate
sensitivity to external forcings and sea-level sensitivity to climate change. Climate sensitivity …

The Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) from~ 17 to 14 million years ago (Ma) represents an
enigmatic reversal in Cenozoic cooling. A synthesis of marine paleotemperature records …

Abstract The Miocene epoch, spanning 23.03–5.33 Ma, was a dynamic climate of sustained,
polar amplified warmth. Miocene atmospheric CO2 concentrations are typically …

Abstract The Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO; ca. 17–14.7 Ma) represents one of several
major interruptions in the long-term cooling trend of the past 50 my To date, the processes …

Abstract During the Middle Miocene, Earth's climate transitioned from a relatively warm
phase (Miocene climatic optimum) to a colder mode with reestablishment of permanent ice …

Geological data indicate that there were major variations in Antarctic ice sheet volume and
extent during the early to mid-Miocene. Simulating such large-scale changes is problematic …

Vegetation structure is a key determinant of ecosystems and ecosystem function, but
paleoecological techniques to quantify it are lacking. We present a method for reconstructing …

Geological records from the Antarctic margin offer direct evidence of environmental
variability at high southern latitudes and provide insight regarding ice sheet sensitivity to …