Background Accurate values are a must in medicine. An important parameter in determining
the quality of a medical instrument is agreement with a gold standard. Various statistical …

Altman and Bland argue that the virtue of plotting differences against averages in method‐
comparison studies is that 95% confidence limits for the differences can be constructed …

Objective Results of reliability and agreement studies are intended to provide information
about the amount of error inherent in any diagnosis, score, or measurement. The level of …

Mammary tumors similar to those observed in women can be induced in rats by
intraperitoneal administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Determining tumor volume is a …

The intraclass correlation coefficient (r I) has been advocated as a statistic for assessing
agreement or consistency between two methods of measurement, in conjunction with a …

In general, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC's) are designed to assess consistency or
conformity between two or more quantitative measurements. They are claimed to handle a …

Purpose: The repeatability of individual dry eye diagnostic tests has been reported in the
literature on normal samples of patients and to a lesser degree in dry eye patients. In this …

In this paper we review the problem of defining and estimating intrarater, interrater and test–
retest reliability of continuous measurements. We argue that the usual notion of product …

Background Many patients with advanced cancer depend upon health care providers for
symptom assessment. The extent of agreement between patient and provider symptom …

The first test for evaluating the isometric endurance of trunk extensor muscles was described
by Hansen in 1964. In 1984, following a study by Biering-Sorensen, this test became known …