Evapotranspiration (ET)—the distribution and partitioning of which is strongly mediated by
vegetation—is central to the water, energy and carbon cycles. In this Review, we examine …

Climate change has been partially mitigated by an increasing net land carbon sink in the
terrestrial biosphere; understanding the processes that drive this sink is thus essential for …

Flash droughts have occurred frequently worldwide, with a rapid onset that challenges
drought monitoring and forecasting capabilities. However, there is no consensus on whether …

The uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) by terrestrial ecosystems is critical for moderating
climate change. To provide a ground-based long-term assessment of the contribution of …

Understanding dryland dynamics is essential to predict future climate trajectories. However,
there remains large uncertainty on the extent to which drylands are expanding or greening …

Drought is a costly natural hazard with far-reaching impacts on agriculture, ecosystem, water
supply, and socio-economy. While propagating through the water cycle, drought evolves into …

Caption: Table A. 11. 2. Synthesis table summarising assessments presented in Tables 11.4-
11.21 for hot extremes (HOT EXT.), heavy precipitation (HEAVY PRECIP.), agriculture and …

The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate
change. This perilous change in the Earth's climate is caused by increases in carbon dioxide …

Although elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) has substantial indirect effects on
vegetation carbon uptake via associated climate change, their dynamics remain unclear …

Climate models project that many terrestrial ecosystems will become drier over the course of
this century, leading to a drastic increase in the global extent of arid soils. In order to …