∗ Existence of universities (v2cauni)∗ Total number of universities (v2canuni)∗
Constitutional protection for academic freedom (v2caprotac)∗ Freedom to research and …

American political observers express increasing concern about affective polarization, ie,
partisans' resentment toward political opponents. We advance debates about America's …

Codebook Page 1 INSTITUTE Codebook Copyright © University of Gothenburg, V-Dem
Institute All rights reserved v11.1 - March 2021 Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3831905 …

The Digital Society Survey, designed by the Digital Society Project, contains questions
pertaining to the political environment of the internet and social media. The data collected …

THE QOG STANDARD DATASET 2016 Page 1 THE QOG STANDARD DATASET 2016
CODEBOOK Scholars who wish to use this dataset in their research are kindly requested to …

Despite a long history of research on political budget cycles, their existence and magnitude
are still in question. By conducting a systematic analysis of the existing literature, we intend …

Radical right populist (RRP) parties are often described as Männerparteien, predominantly
led by, represented by, and supported by men. Yet recently, these parties have elected more …

There are mounting claims that increasing ideological polarization is resha** democratic
party systems with important effects on the functioning of electoral politics, the correlates of …

Concerns over affective polarization in Western democracies are growing. But which
broader political distinctions are also affective demarcations? As inter-party cooperation is …

How can one explain the significant vote losses of mainstream parties across Europe in
recent years? In this article, it is argued that mainstream party convergence is an important …