Inflammation is a fundamental defensive response to harmful stimuli, but the overactivation
of inflammatory responses is associated with most human diseases. Reactive oxygen …

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating
inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease associated with
synovial tissue proliferation, pannus formation, cartilage destruction, and systemic …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory, pruritic form of dermatosis with
heterogeneous manifestations that can substantially affect patients' quality of life. AD has a …

The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic systemic
inflammation causing progressive joint damage that can lead to lifelong disability. The …

Cytokines are secreted signalling proteins that play essential roles in the initiation,
maintenance and resolution of immune responses. Although the unique ability of cytokines …

The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling
pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular …

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Metastasis is the primary
cause of mortality for breast cancer patients. Multiple mechanisms underlie breast cancer …

There are four members of the JAK family and seven of the STAT family in mammals. The
JAK/STAT molecular pathway could be activated by broad hormones, cytokines, growth …