Hunting by humans played a major role in extirpating terrestrial megafauna on several
continents and megafaunal loss continues today in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems …

Many marine populations and ecosystems have experienced strong historical depletions,
yet reports of recoveries are increasing. Here, we review the growing research on marine …

Adequate conservation and management of shark populations is becoming increasingly
important on a global scale, especially because many species are exceptionally vulnerable …

Over the past 3 decades, the status of sea turtles and the need for their protection to aid
population recovery have increasingly captured the interest of government agencies, non …

Recent research on ocean health has found large predator abundance to be a key element
of ocean condition. Fisheries can impact large predator abundance directly through targeted …

Unselective fishing catches non-target organisms as 'bycatch'—an issue of critical ocean
conservation and resource management concern. However, the situation is confused …

Fewer protected areas exist in the pelagic ocean than any other ecosystem on Earth.
Although there is increasing support for marine protected areas (MPAs) as a tool for pelagic …

Direct fisheries interactions pose a serious threat to the conservation of many populations
and some species of marine mammals. The most acute problem is bycatch, unintended …

In 2003, California established a network of fully protected marine reserves and
conservation areas that allow limited take in the state waters (0 to 3 nautical miles) of the …

Fisheries bycatch is a primary driver of population declines in several species of marine
megafauna (eg, elasmobranchs, mammals, seabirds, turtles). Characterizing the global …