Ecosystems are shaped by complex interactions between species and their environment.
However, humans are rapidly changing the environment through increased carbon dioxide …

The fossil record is the primary source of data used to study predator-prey interactions in
deep time and to evaluate key questions regarding the evolutionary and ecological …

As the ocean continues to take up carbon dioxide (CO2), it is difficult to predict the future of
marine ecosystems. Natural CO2 vent sites, mainly of volcanic origin, that provide a pH …

The impacts of ocean acidification will depend on the ability of marine organisms to tolerate,
acclimate and eventually adapt to changes in ocean chemistry. Here, we use a unique …

Marine ecosystems are increasingly impacted by global environmental changes, including
warming temperatures, deoxygenation, and ocean acidification. Marine scientists recognize …

The rapid pace of increasing oceanic acidity poses a major threat to the fitness of the marine
ecosystem, as well as the buffering capacity of the oceans. Disruption in chemical …

Anthropogenically induced global climate change has caused profound impacts in the world
ocean. Climate change related stressors, like ocean acidification (OA) and warming (OW) …

Echinoderms with high levels of magnesium (Mg) in their skeletons may be especially
sensitive to ocean acidification, as the solubility of calcite increases with its Mg content …

Ocean acidification poses a range of threats to marine invertebrates; however, the emerging
and likely widespread effects of rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels on marine invertebrate …

Organisms, such as molluscs, that produce their hard parts from calcium carbonate are
expected to show increased difficulties growing and maintaining their skeletons under …