A big challenge in current systems biology research arises when different types of data must
be accessed from separate sources and visualized using separate tools. The high cognitive …

Adaptive mutations play an important role in molecular evolution. However, the frequency
and nature of these mutations at the intramolecular level are poorly understood. To address …

Clostridial neurotoxins, which include botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and tetanus
neurotoxins, have evolved a remarkably sophisticated structure and molecular mechanism …

The analysis of microbial genomes from human archaeological samples offers a historic
snapshot of ancient pathogens and provides insights into the origins of modern infectious …

One of the main challenges in modern medic-ine is to stratify patients for personalized care.
Many different clustering methods have been proposed to solve the problem in both …

The molecular evolution of virulence factors is a central theme in our understanding of
bacterial pathogenesis and host-microbe interactions. Using bioinformatics and genome …

Background Clustering methods are essential to partitioning biological samples being useful
to minimize the information complexity in large datasets. Tools in this context usually …

There are known limitations in methods of detecting positive selection. Common methods do
not enable differentiation between positive selection and compensatory covariation, a major …

Mutations in gene KCNJ11 encoding the Kir6. 2 subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium
channel (KATP), a representative of a quite complex biosystem, may affect insulin release …

The phylum Rhodophyta comprises the red algae, which are morphologically diverse
organisms present in marine and freshwater environments. The red algae order, Bangiales …