Diabetes causes a number of metabolic and physiologic abnormalities in the retina, but
which of these abnormalities contribute to recognized features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is …

Diabetic retinopathy remains as a leading cause of blindness in developed countries.
Current treatments target late stages of DR when vision has already been significantly …

Retinopathy is one of the most severe ocular complications of diabetes and is a leading
cause of acquired blindness in young adults. The cellular components of the retina are …

Ischemic retinopathies (IRs), such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), diabetic retinopathy
(DR), and (in many cases) age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), are ocular disorders …

Most irreversible blindness observed with glaucoma and retina-related ocular diseases,
including age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, have their origin in the …

The advanced glycoxidation end products (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs)
contribute to the development of diabetic complications and of other pathologies. The review …

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of retinal ischemia/hypoxia, a
complication of ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of …

Diabetic retinopathy is a complex disease that potentially involves increased production of
advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and elevated aldose reductase (AR) activity …

Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders of multiple aetiologies resulting from a defect in
insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hypergly …

Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are progressively significant reasons for
mortality. Metformin (MET) is considered as the first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes patients …