In view of the worsening quality of crude oil, the use of unconventional petroleum feedstocks
(heavy oils, bitumens, residues, etc.) in processing is becoming increasingly important. The …

The use of water in hydrothermal and supercritical conditions as a medium to upgrade
heavy oil fractions has shown promising results and presents an interesting alternative for …

Catalytic cracking of bottom product from the vacuum distillation unit, ie, vacuum residue
(VR) was investigated in supercritical water (SCW) over different forms of iron oxide nano …

Heavy oil upgrading was examined over titania–zirconia mixed oxide (TiO 2–ZrO 2)
catalysts using fixed-bed flow-type reactors. Catalytic cracking of atmospheric residual oil …

The pyrolysis of oil sludge with addition of oil sludge ash, Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3, CaO and SiO 2
was carried out under inert condition employing a stirred tank reactor to investigate the …

Catalytic treatment in water medium under high-pressure condition could be an attractive
technology for clean upgrading of heavy crude oils and residua with effective heteroatom …

A two-step process consisting of depolymerization and catalytic cracking without hydrogen
addition was carried out to produce phenols from lignin. In the first step, lignin was …

Unconventional oil resources (oil shale, oil sands, extra heavy oil, and natural bitumen) and
residues (atmospheric and vacuum residua) can exploit hot compressed water (HCW: T> …

The catalytic conversion of glycerol was performed with iron oxide-based catalysts for
production of allyl alcohol using a fixed-bed flow reactor at 623 K under atmospheric …

This paper is the second part of the vacuum residue (VR) cracking in supercritical water and
tracking the chemical behavior of water as the hydrogen donor, using supercritical …