After a long period of biological evolution, natural creatures will inevitably evolve body
surfaces suitable for the living environment. The functions of natural biological surfaces are …

Nature organisms, after billions of years of evolution, have evolved elegant morphologies,
structures, patterns, or surface wettabilities with unique functionalities. Among all the …

Natural organisms have evolved a series of versatile functional biomaterials and structures
to cope with survival crises in their living environment, exhibiting outstanding properties …

Water-lubricated bearing has become the development trend in the future because of its
economy and environmental friendliness. The poor friction performance under low speed …

In the past decades, drag-reduction surfaces have attracted more and more attention due to
their potentiality and wide applications in various fields such as traffic, energy transportation …

Bio-inspired designs have been serving as a great inspiration for Aerodynamists for the past
several decades. The biological features of each species have evolved through generations …

Devising effective methods to reduce drag forces is of great interest as these methods could
prevent the wastage of fuel and decrease carbon emission and the global warming rate …

There is currently a growing interest in the area of drag reduction of unmanned aerial
vehicles. In this paper, the swarming flight of the fixed-wing drones and a load balancing …

Introduction: The reduction of drag is a crucial concern within the ship** industry as it
directly influences energy consumption. This study addresses this issue by proposing a …

Migrating birds may take advantage of V-shaped flocking to reduce the required energy for
their flight. Studies have shown that the birds in different positions in V-shaped flight contend …