Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a key growth factor that regulates both anabolic and
catabolic pathways in skeletal muscle. IGF-1 increases skeletal muscle protein synthesis via …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a fundamental regulator of energy metabolism,
stress resistance, and cellular proteostasis. AMPK signaling controls an integrated signaling …

Background: The concept of sarcopenic obesity refers to low muscle mass coupled with high
adiposity in older adults. Sarcopenic obesity is a new medical challenge that imposes …

Aims Exercise confers protection against cardiovascular ageing, but the mechanisms remain
largely unknown. This study sought to investigate the role of fibronectin type-III domain …

Obesity is associated with biological dysfunction in skeletal muscle. As a condition of obesity
accompanied by muscle mass loss and physical dysfunction, sarcopenic obesity (SO) has …

Present in more than one billion adults, hypertension is the most significant modifiable risk
factor for mortality resulting from cardiovascular disease. Although its pathogenesis is not yet …

Cachexia is a serious complication of many chronic diseases, such as congestive heart
failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many factors are involved in the …

Evidence has arisen in recent years suggesting that a tissue renin-angiotensin system
(tRAS) is involved in the progression of various human diseases. This system contains two …

Skeletal muscle loss is a detrimental side-effect of numerous chronic diseases that
dramatically increases mortality and morbidity. The alteration of protein homeostasis is …

Sarcopenia and cachexia are muscle wasting syndromes associated with aging and with
many chronic diseases, such as congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes, cancer, chronic …