The simultaneous advances in artificial neural networks and photonic integration
technologies have spurred extensive research in optical computing and optical neural …

In recent years, optical imaging techniques have gained wide recognition for the
measurement of vital signals, such as heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and …

Optoelectronic neural networks (ONN) are a promising avenue in AI computing due to their
potential for parallelization, power efficiency, and speed. Diffractive neural networks, which …

Scalable, high-capacity, and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for
increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning tasks. Traditional electronic artificial …

Abstract Characterization of electromagnetic wave polarization states is critical in various
applications of materials, biomedical, and imaging. The emergence of metasurfaces opens …

The pursuit of artificial general intelligence (AGI) continuously demands higher computing
performance. Despite the superior processing speed and efficiency of integrated photonic …

High‐efficiency spatial light phase modulation with wide operating bandwidth is highly
significant yet challenging. Dynamic metasurfaces leveraging active materials with tunable …

Abstract Polarization (P), angular index (l), and radius index (p) are three independent
degrees of freedom (DoFs) of vector vortex beams, which have found extensive applications …

The diffractive optical network (DON) shows promise in addressing the limitations of
traditional electronic computation with its high parallelism, ultra-fast speed, and low energy …

Magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs) lie in the core of magnetic random access memory,
holding promise in integrating memory and computing to reduce hardware complexity …