Lessons from Toxoplasma: Host responses that mediate parasite control and the microbial effectors that subvert them

EM Frickel, CA Hunter - Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2021 - rupress.org
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii has long provided a tractable experimental
system to investigate how the immune system deals with intracellular infections. This review …

The role of IFN-γ-mediated host immune responses in monitoring and the elimination of Toxoplasma gondii infection

F Ihara, M Yamamoto - International Immunology, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic protozoan parasite of the Apicomplexa family that affects
approximately 30% of the world's population. Symptoms are usually mild in …

CRISPR-based functional profiling of the Toxoplasma gondii genome during acute murine infection

CJ Giuliano, KJ Wei, FM Harling, BS Waldman… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
Examining host–pathogen interactions in animals can capture aspects of infection that are
obscured in cell culture. Using CRISPR-based screens, we functionally profile the entire …

The pathogenicity and virulence of Toxoplasma gondii

SG Sanchez, S Besteiro - Virulence, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic protist infecting a wide group of warm-blooded animals,
ranging from birds to humans. While this infection is usually asymptomatic in healthy …

High-throughput identification of Toxoplasma gondii effector proteins that target host cell transcription

S Butterworth, K Kordova, S Chandrasekaran… - Cell host & …, 2023 - cell.com
Intracellular pathogens and other endosymbionts reprogram host cell transcription to
suppress immune responses and recalibrate biosynthetic pathways. This reprogramming is …

[HTML][HTML] Host genetics highlights IFN-γ-dependent Toxoplasma genes encoding secreted and non-secreted virulence factors in in vivo CRISPR screens

Y Tachibana, E Hashizaki, M Sasai, M Yamamoto - Cell Reports, 2023 - cell.com
Secreted virulence factors of Toxoplasma to survive in immune-competent hosts have been
extensively explored by classical genetics and in vivo CRISPR screen methods, whereas …

CRISPR Screens Identify Toxoplasma Genes That Determine Parasite Fitness in Interferon Gamma-Stimulated Human Cells

S Krishnamurthy, P Maru, Y Wang, MA Bitew… - MBio, 2023 - journals.asm.org
Toxoplasma virulence depends on its ability to evade or survive the toxoplasmacidal
mechanisms induced by interferon gamma (IFNγ). While many Toxoplasma genes involved …

[HTML][HTML] The Toxoplasma effector GRA28 promotes parasite dissemination by inducing dendritic cell-like migratory properties in infected macrophages

AL Ten Hoeve, L Braun, ME Rodriguez, GC Olivera… - Cell host & …, 2022 - cell.com
Upon pathogen detection, macrophages normally stay sessile in tissues while dendritic cells
(DCs) migrate to secondary lymphoid tissues. The obligate intracellular protozoan …

A heterotrimeric complex of Toxoplasma proteins promotes parasite survival in interferon gamma-stimulated human cells

EJ Lockyer, F Torelli, S Butterworth, OR Song… - PLoS …, 2023 - journals.plos.org
Toxoplasma gondii secretes protein effectors to subvert the human immune system
sufficiently to establish a chronic infection. Relative to murine infections, little is known about …

Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies genes synthetically lethal with GRA17, a nutrient channel encoding gene in Toxoplasma

TC Paredes-Santos, MA Bitew, C Swale… - PLoS …, 2023 - journals.plos.org
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that replicates within a specialized compartment called the
parasitophorous vacuole (PV), which is surrounded by the PV membrane (PVM). To obtain …