The presence of a complex and diverse intestinal flora is functionally important for regulating
intestinal mucosal immune responses. However, the extent to which a balanced intestinal …

Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) control viral infection by triggering the expression of genes that
restrict transcription, translation, replication, and assembly. Many viruses induce IFN …

The impact of endemic parasitic infection on vaccine efficacy is an important consideration
for vaccine development and deployment. We have examined whether intestinal infection …

Sampling of intestinal pathogens and commensals is an important aspect of the gut immune
system, and is accomplished through the action of specialized epithelial M cells. Although …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), composed of lipid A, core, and O-antigen, is a major virulence
factor of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, with lipid A being a major stimulator to …

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent human inflammatory diseases. The major clinical
phenotypes of this polymicrobial, biofilm-mediated disease are chronic and aggressive …

Recombinant hemagglutinin B (rHagB), a virulence factor of the periodontal pathogen
Porphyromonas gingivalis, has been shown to induce protective immunity against bacterial …

Bacterial lipoproteins are emerging targets for inducing protective immunity against many
infectious diseases. VacJ is a highly conserved and widely distributed outer membrane …

The innate immune system recognizes invading microbes via conserved pattern recognition
receptors and uses inflammatory signals to concert adaptive defense mechanisms …

The immune response protects against Pneumocystis infection but is also a key component
of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP)–related immunopathogenesis. Signaling through …