Digital Twin (DT) is an emerging technology and has been introduced into intelligent driving
and transportation systems to digitize and synergize connected automated vehicles …

Online learners participate in various educational activities including reading, writing,
watching video tutorials, online exams, and online meetings. During the participation in …

A wearable system for the personalized EEG-based detection of engagement in learning 4.0
is proposed. In particular, the effectiveness of the proposed solution is assessed by means …

The new educational models such as smart learning environments use of digital and context‐
aware devices to facilitate the learning process. In this new educational scenario, a huge …

The drastic impact of COVID-19 pandemic is visible in all aspects of our lives including
education. With a distinctive rise in e-learning, teaching methods are being undertaken …

It is generally acknowledged that engagement plays a critical role in learning. Unfortunately,
the study of engagement has been stymied by a lack of valid and efficient measures. We …

Heart rate (HR) estimation and monitoring is of great importance to determine a person's
physiological and mental status. Recently, it has been demonstrated that HR can be …

In this article, we propose a nonintrusive and nonrestrictive multimodal deep learning model
for estimating the engagement levels of game streamers. We incorporate three modalities …

Heart rate (HR) is one of the essential vital signs used to indicate the physiological health of
the human body. While traditional HR monitors usually require contact with skin, remote …

Monitoring physiological changes [eg, heart rate (HR), respiration, and HR variability (HRV)]
is important for measuring human emotions. Physiological responses are more reliable and …