Plant hormones are signalling compounds that regulate crucial aspects of growth,
development and environmental stress responses. Abiotic stresses, such as drought …

Plants cannot move, so they must endure abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and
extreme temperatures. These stressors greatly limit the distribution of plants, alter their …

Plant beneficial microorganisms improve the health and growth of the associated plants.
Application of beneficial microbes triggers an enhanced resistance state, also termed as …

Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding
the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has …

Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts the growth and yield of crops.
Understanding the physiological, metabolic, and biochemical responses of plants to salt …

Abiotic stresses and soil nutrient limitations are major environmental conditions that reduce
plant growth, productivity and quality. Plants have evolved mechanisms to perceive these …

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development,
and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants …

The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of stomatal
movements under water‐deficit conditions. The identification of ABA receptors and the ABA …

Abiotic stress is the adverse effect of any abiotic factor on a plant in a given environment,
impacting plants' growth and development. These stress factors, such as drought, salinity …

Potassium, mostly as a cation (K+), together with calcium (Ca2+) are the most abundant
inorganic chemicals in plant cellular media, but they are rarely discussed. K+ is not a …