In the world reference context, although virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality
have been emerging methodologies for several years, only today technological and …

Abstract The HoloLens (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA), a head-worn, optically see-through
augmented reality (AR) display, is the main player in the recent boost in medical AR …

Objectives The shape is commonly used to describe the objects. State-of-the-art algorithms
in medical imaging are predominantly diverging from computer vision, where voxel grids …

Extended reality (XR) refers to an umbrella of methods that allows users to be immersed in a
3D or a 4D (spatial+ temporal) virtual environment to various extents, including virtual reality …

We conducted a systematic review of recent literature to understand the current challenges
in the use of optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMDs) for augmented reality …

The use of Augmented Reality (AR) for navigation purposes has shown beneficial in
assisting physicians during the performance of surgical procedures. These applications …

Implementation of augmented reality (AR) image guidance systems using preoperative cone
beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in apicoectomies promises to help surgeons …

Augmented reality (AR) surgical navigation has developed rapidly in recent years. This
paper reviews and analyzes the visualization, registration, and tracking techniques used in …

External ventricular drain (EVD) is a common, yet challenging neurosurgical procedure of
placing a catheter into the brain ventricular system that requires prolonged training for …

Fiducial markers play a fundamental role in various fields in which precise localization and
tracking are paramount. In Augmented Reality, they provide a known reference point in the …