This Viewpoint brings together insights from health system experts working in a range of
settings. Our focus is on examining the state of the resilience field, including current thinking …

One constant refrain in evaluations and reviews of decentralization is that the results are
mixed. But given that decentralization is a complex intervention or phenomenon, what is …

Summary Background As of December 31, 2020, Brazil had the second-highest burden of
COVID-19 worldwide. Given the absence of federal government coordination, it was up to …

Background: Health systems are based on 6 functions that need to work together at all times
to effectively deliver safe and quality health services. These functions are vulnerable to …

Community health workers (CHWs) are a key part of the health workforce, with particular
importance for reaching the most marginalised. CHWs' contributions during pandemics have …

Abstract System resilience has long been an area of study, and the term has become
increasingly used across different sectors. Studies on resilience in health systems are more …

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019 in China, health systems
across the globe have struggled to contend with unprecedented shocks arising from this …

Since the watershed moment of the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa and again in the
midst of the current COVID-19 crisis, the concept of health system resilience has been a …

Recent infectious disease outbreaks, including the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic and
Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, have demonstrated the critical importance …

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an economic shock just ten years after the shock of the
2008 global financial crisis. Economic shocks are a challenge for health systems because …