Rhizobia are some of the best-studied plant microbiota. These oligotrophic
Alphaproteobacteria or Betaproteobacteria form symbioses with their legume hosts …

Nitrogen is an essential element of life, and nitrogen availability often limits crop yields.
Since the Green Revolution, massive amounts of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers have been …

Rhizobia induce nodule formation on legume roots and differentiate into bacteroids, which
catabolize plant-derived dicarboxylates to reduce atmospheric N2 into ammonia. Despite …

Rhizobia are a phylogenetically diverse group of soil bacteria that engage in mutualistic
interactions with legume plants. Although specifics of the symbioses differ between strains …

The mutualistic association between leguminous plants and endosymbiotic rhizobial
bacteria is a paradigmatic example of a symbiosis driven by metabolic exchanges. Here, we …

Most land plants live in close contact with beneficial soil microbes: the majority of land plant
species establish symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while most legumes, the third …

The rhizobium–legume symbiosis is a major source of fixed nitrogen (ammonia) in the
biosphere. The potential for this process to increase agricultural yield while reducing the …

In an agro‐ecosystem, industrially produced nitrogenous fertilizers are the principal sources
of nitrogen for plant growth; unfortunately these also serve as the leading sources of …

Nitrogen‐fixing symbioses allow legumes to thrive in nitrogen‐poor soils at the cost of
diverting some photoassimilate to their microsymbionts. Effort is being made to bioengineer …

Rhizobia are bacteria that exhibit both endophytic and free-living lifestyles. Endophytic
rhizobial strains are widely known to infect leguminous host plants, while some do infect non …