Fish are the most diversified group of vertebrates and, although progress has been made in
the past years, only relatively few fish species have been examined to date, with regards to …

Feed is one of the most important external signals in fish that stimulates its feeding behavior
and growth. The intake of feed is the main factor determining efficiency and cost, maximizing …

Mammalian studies have shaped our understanding of the endocrine control of appetite and
body weight in vertebrates and provided the basic vertebrate model that involves central …

Abstract The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) was cloned in 1993 by degenerate PCR;
however, its function was unknown. Subsequent studies suggest that the MC4R might be …

The brain, particularly the hypothalamus, integrates input from factors that stimulate
(orexigenic) and inhibit (anorexigenic) food intake. In fish, the identification of appetite …

The regulation of food intake in fish is a complex process carried out through several
different mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) with hypothalamus being the …

Gene variants of the FTO (fatso) gene have recently been strongly associated with body
mass index and obesity. The FTO gene is well conserved and found in a single copy in …

Endocrine factors regulate food intake and growth, two interlinked physiological processes
critical for the proper development of organisms. Somatic growth is mainly regulated by …

Compensatory growth (CG) is a period of accelerated growth that occurs following the
alleviation of growth-stunting conditions during which an organism can make up for lost …

A characteristic feature of the behavioural response to intensely acute or chronic stressors is
a reduction in appetite. In fish, as in other vertebrates, the corticotropin-releasing factor …