Recently, researches have revealed the key roles of the cytoskeleton in the occurrence and
development of multiple diseases, suggesting that targeting the cytoskeleton is a viable …

Axonal spheroids are bubble-like biological features that form on most degenerating axons,
yet little is known about their influence on degenerative processes. Their formation and …

Recent super-resolution microscopy studies have unveiled a periodic scaffold of actin rings
regularly spaced by spectrins under the plasma membrane of axons. However …

Most mammalian neurons have a narrow axon, which constrains the passage of large
cargoes such as autophagosomes that can be larger than the axon diameter. Radial axonal …

Axon degeneration sculpts neuronal connectivity patterns during development and is an
early hallmark of several adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Substantial progress has …

The nanoscale organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton in neurons comprises membrane-
associated periodical rings, bundles, and longitudinal fibers. The F-actin rings have been …

Understanding the bioenergetics of axon extension and maintenance has wide ranging
implications for neurodevelopment and disease states. Glycolysis is a pathway consisting of …

Actin, spectrin, and associated molecules form a membrane-associated periodic skeleton
(MPS) in neurons. The molecular composition and functions of the MPS remain incompletely …

Core planar cell polarity (PCP) genes, which are involved in various neurodevelopmental
disorders such as neural tube closure, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder, have poorly …

The cytoskeleton builds and supports the complex architecture of neurons. It orchestrates
the specification, growth, and compartmentation of the axon: axon initial segment, axonal …