Vaccination is still the most cost-effective way to combat infectious illnesses. Conventional
vaccinations may have low immunogenicity and, in most situations, only provide partial …

The delivery of drugs, antigens, and imaging agents benefits from using nanotechnology-
based carriers. The successful translation of nanoformulations to the clinic involves thorough …

The development of a universal influenza vaccine to control public health threats from
circulating and emerging influenza viruses is highly desirable. Here we report an intranasal …

Despite great advances in the field of vaccination, there are still needs for novel and
effective vaccines because still no effective vaccines have been produced for some …

Currently, there are over 70 licensed vaccines, which prevent the pathogenesis of around 30
viruses and bacteria. Nevertheless, there are still important challenges in this area, which …

The article summarizes the roles of polysaccharides in the biology of fungi and their
relationship in the development of new technologies. The comparative approach between …

Vaccination is successfully advanced to control several fatal diseases and improve human
life expectancy. However, additional innovations are required in this field because there are …

COVID-19, generated by SARS-CoV-2, has significantly affected healthcare systems
worldwide. The epidemic has highlighted the urgent need for vaccine development. Besides …

Current challenges in global immunization indicate the demand for new delivery strategies,
which could be applied to the development of new vaccines against emerging diseases, as …

Antibiotics, used to treat human and animal diseases are often found ineffective due to
rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance. Many of the acute and chronic diseases are caused …