A variety of observations suggest that magnetic fields are present in all galaxies and galaxy
clusters. These fields are characterized by a modest strength (10− 7–10− 5 G) and huge …

We review the extensive and controversial literature concerning how the cosmic magnetic
fields pervading nearly all galaxies and clusters of galaxies actually got started. Some …

We present two new Lagrangian methods for hydrodynamics, in a systematic comparison
with moving-mesh, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), and stationary (non-moving) …

Hydrodynamic cosmological simulations at present usually employ either the Lagrangian
smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique or Eulerian hydrodynamics on a …

We compare the results of Eulerian hydrodynamic simulations of cluster formation against
virial scaling relations between four bulk quantities: the cluster mass, the dark matter velocity …

A new N-body and hydrodynamical code, called RAMSES, is presented. It has been
designed to study structure formation in the universe with high spatial resolution. The code is …

This paper describes the open-source code Enzo, which uses block-structured adaptive
mesh refinement to provide high spatial and temporal resolution for modeling astrophysical …

ABSTRACT Approximately 30%–40% of all baryons in the present-day universe reside in a
warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), with temperatures in the range 10 5< T< 10 7 K. This …

Recent observational and theoretical breakthroughs make this an exciting time to be
working towards understanding the physics of galaxy formation. The goal of this review is to …

It is demonstrated that strong magnetic fields are produced from a zero initial magnetic field
during the pregalactic era, when the galaxy is first forming. Their development proceeds in …